IOT-Enabled Smart Aquaponics: Design, Monitoring, And Automation

Dr. Ahmad Faizal Bin Ismail; Engr. Dwi Rahayu Santosa

Authors

Dr. Ahmad Faizal Bin Ismail Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
Engr. Dwi Rahayu Santosa Department of Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords:

Aquaponics, Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Farming, Automation

Abstract

Aquaponics, an innovative food production system, integrates aquaculture (raising aquatic animals) and hydroponics (growing plants without soil) in a symbiotic relationship, offering a sustainable approach to food production and resource recovery [1, 4]. Traditional aquaponic systems often require diligent manual monitoring and intervention, which can be labor-intensive and prone to human error. The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) presents a transformative opportunity to enhance aquaponics by enabling real-time monitoring, automated control, and data-driven decision-making. This review explores the integration of IoT technology into smart aquaponics systems, detailing their design principles, key monitoring parameters, and automation capabilities. By leveraging sensors, microcontrollers, and cloud platforms, IoT-enabled aquaponics systems can optimize growing conditions, improve resource efficiency, and increase overall productivity. This article synthesizes current advancements, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and future directions for intelligent aquaponic farming.

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